Geodes: Nature's Treasures
Table of Contents
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Foreword
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vii
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Acknowledgements
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ix
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Introduction
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xi
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About the Authors
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xii
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PART I: Gifts from Ancient Volcanoes
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1
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Chapter 1: What are Geodes?
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3
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Chapter 2: The Mysterious Formation of Geodes in Igneous Rocks
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5
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Chapter 3: Inedible Coconuts: Mexican Coconut Geodes
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11
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Mineralogy 16 - How Are "Coconuts" Formed? 26 - Mining Operations 30 - Opening "Coconuts" 39
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Chapter 4: When Geodes are Gems
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43
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Brazilian Amethyst Geodes 43 - Mineralogy 48 - Mining 49 - Opening Brazilian Geodes 53 - Heat Treatment 53 - Flowers 57 - Valuing 58 - Uruguayan Amethyst Geodes 58 - Mining 58 - "Stalactites" and "Bulbs" 59
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Chapter 5: More Latin Surprises
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61
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Tabasco Geodes 61 - Trancas Geodes 63 - San Marcos Geodes 68 - The Geodes of Salto do Jacui 71 - Ocos 74
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Chapter 6: Geode Curiosities
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77
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Polyhedroids 77 - Enhydros 79
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PART II: Gifts from Prehistoric Seas
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83
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Chapter 7: From Sediments to Glamour
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85
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Some Definitions 87 - Theories of Origin 91 - Variations 92
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Chapter 8: Wonderful Warsaw
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95
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Physical Characteristics and Inclusions 95 - Origins and Locations 98 - Types of Sedimentary Geodes 104 - Illinois Geodes 105 - Missouri Geodes 106 - Quartz in Geodes 108 - Calcite in Geodes 109 - Beautiful Common Inclusions 111 - Keokuk's Northern Cousins 116 - How to Find and Enjoy Geodes 117 - Opening, Preparing, and Showing Sedimentary Geodes 119 - My Thoughts About Midwest Geodes 121
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Chapter 9: Strange Geodes of Indiana
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123
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Recognizing Geodized Fossils 134
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Chapter 10: A Few Bonuses
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137
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Silicified Anhydrite's Fossil Family 140 - Tennessee 144
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Chapter 11: Amethyst Surprises and Baby Rattle Rocks
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151
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Lapidary Treatment 156 - Baby Rattle Rocks 159
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Chapter 12: Florida's Ocean Harvest
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167
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Florida's Ample Bonuses 181
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Chapter 13: Not Always Quartz
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185
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South Dakota Barite 188 - From Celestite to Iron 190
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Chapter 14: Strange, Stranger, Strangest
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197
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Bitumen 201 - Poison 204
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PART III: Thundereggs and More
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205
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Chapter 15: Dozens of Eggs
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205
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United States 212
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Oregon 212 - Idaho 217 - California 218 - Utah 218 - Nevada 221 - Arizona 221 - New Mexico 222 - Colorado 223 - Alaska 224
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Mexico 225
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"Galaxy Geodes" 225 - "Ocotillo Geodes" 225 - "Palomas Geodes" 229 - "Red Skin or New Chalce Geodes" 230 - "San Juan Geodes" 230 - "Tamaka Geodes" 230 - "Zacatecas Geodes" 231 - Blue Chalcedony 231
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Canada 232
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British Columbia 232
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Opening Thundereggs 233
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Chapter 16: Almost Geodes: Concretions and Septarians
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235
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Ammolite: Canada's Fossil Gem 237 - More Concretions 239 - Utah's Gem Concretions 240 - Illinois' Fossil Concretions 240 - Utah's Septarian Nodules 243 - South Dakota's Septaria 246 - Concretions of Oklahoma 249 - Other Septaria 249
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Summary
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253
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Geologic Time Scale
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254
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Frequently Asked Questions About Geodes
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255
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Bibliography
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261
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Glossary
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273
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Index
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281
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