Weather Extremes of the West
by Tye W. Parzybok
Weather Extremes of the West
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| Introduction |
1
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| Introduction to Climate |
2
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| Introduction to Weather |
7
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| Climate and Weather in the West |
12
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| How to Use This Book |
15
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| 1. The Pacific Northwest's Coast, Western Valleys, and Mountains |
19
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| The West Coast's Deadliest Twister: Washington and Oregon |
20
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| It Rains All the Time: Seattle |
22
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| The Blue Hole |
25
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| The Columbus Day Storm |
27
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| Thermal Low: Willamette Valley |
32
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| The Pineapple Express and the Flood of '96 |
34
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| The Brookings Effect: Oregon |
37
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| Coho Winds and Silver Thaw: Columbia River Gorge |
40
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| 2. The Cascades |
45
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| Rain-on-Snow Events: Great Pacific-Northwest Floods |
47
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| Ninety-Three Feet of Snow: Mount Baker |
51
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| The Wellington Avalanche: Stevens Pass, Washington |
56
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| Extraordinary Precipitation Gradient: North-Central Oregon |
58
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| 3. The Pacific Northwest's Inland Empire and High Deserts |
61
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| Dust Devils: Eastern Washington |
63
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| The Heppner Disaster: Oregon |
64
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| Oregon and Washington Hot Spots |
67
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| Oregon's Icebox: Seneca |
67
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| The Inland Northwest's Worst Winter Storm: Spokane |
70
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| 4. California's Coast, Western Valleys, and Southern Mountains |
73
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| The Fog Belt: San Francisco |
75
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| El Nino Storms |
78
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| Santa Ana, Diablo, and the Catalina Eddy: California Winds |
83
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| Intense Precipitation: San Gabriel Mountains |
90
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| 5. The Sierra Nevada |
93
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| Dangerous Snowstorms |
94
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| The Washoe Zephyr: Nevada |
98
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| 6. Desert Southwest |
99
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| The Nation's Hottest Spots: Death Valley and Yuma |
101
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| Daily Temperature Extremes: Arizona and California |
107
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| Extreme Evaporation: Mojave Desert |
109
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| Southwest Monsoon |
113
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| Hurricane Alley of the West |
116
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| Horrible Haboobs: Arizona |
120
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| Desert Snowstorms |
123
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| Lightning Capital of the West and Lightning-Ignited Forest Fires |
127
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| 7. Snake River Plain and Great Basin |
135
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| Sloshers and Northern Invasions |
136
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| Winds of the Desert and Wasatch Canyons: Utah |
138
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| Great Basin High and Inversions |
142
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| State of Extremes: Nevada |
146
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| 8. Northern Rocky Mountains |
149
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| Rime Ice |
151
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| Coldest Place in the Lower Forty-Eight: Rogers Pass, Montana |
153
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| Precipitation Extremes: Montana |
154
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| The Teton-Yellowstone Tornado |
157
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| 9. Central Rocky Mountains |
161
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| Champagne Powder and World-Record Snow Intensity: Colorado |
167
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| Not Quite the Icebox of the Nation: Fraser, Colorado |
167
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| Lake Effect Snow: The Great Salt Lake |
169
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| 10. Colorado Plateau and Southern Rocky Mountains |
175
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| Where Has All the Snow Gone? San Francisco Peaks, Arizona |
176
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| New Mexico Snow: Sandia Crest |
178
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| In a Flash! The Canyonlands |
182
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| The Albuquerque Box Effect |
185
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| 11. Southern Great Plains and Adjacent Foothills |
189
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| Thunderstorm Alley of the West |
191
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| Colorado Low |
195
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| Black Blizzards |
200
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| Blue Northers: Texas Panhandle |
203
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| The Marfa Dryline: Western Texas |
206
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| Heat Bursts: Oklahoma |
209
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| Tornado Alley |
211
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| 12. Rocky Mountain Front and Adjacent Foothills |
219
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| The Denver Cyclone |
220
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| Deadly Downbursts: Denver, Colorado |
223
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| Snow Eater: Boulder, Colorado |
226
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| Front Range Flash Floods |
231
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| Temperature Roller Coaster: Montana |
237
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| Back Door Cold Fronts |
239
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| 13. Northern Great Plains |
243
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| Deep Freezer |
244
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| Temperature Flip-Flops: South Dakota |
245
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| Rapid City One-Hundred-Year Flood |
248
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| Hail Alley |
252
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| Blizzards |
258
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| References |
262
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| Glossary |
266
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| Index |
272
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