Roadside Geology of Kansas
by James S. Aber, Susan E. W. Aber, and Michael J. Everhart
Roadside Geology of Kansas
|
|
| Acknowledgments |
x
|
| Preface |
xi
|
| OVERVIEW OF KANSAS GEOLOGY |
1
|
| History of Fossil Collection in Kansas |
2
|
| Pteranodon |
5
|
| Sternberg Family |
6
|
| Rock Layers and Geologic Time |
8
|
| Stratigraphy |
11
|
| Time Scales and Dating Rocks |
13
|
| Plate Tectonics |
15
|
| Historical Earthquakes |
17
|
| Fractures, Folds, and Faults |
17
|
| Landscapes and Physiographic Regions |
19
|
| GEOLOGIC HISTORY OF KANSAS |
30
|
| Proterozoic Eon |
30
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| Paleozoic Era |
31
|
| Pennsylvanian and Early Permian Stratigraphic Column |
34
|
| Pennsylvanian to Permian Time |
35
|
| Cyclothems |
35
|
| Red Beds and Evaporites |
38
|
| Permian Stratigraphic Column |
39
|
| Fossils and the End-Permian Extinction |
40
|
| Mesozoic Era |
41
|
| Lamproite Pipes |
42
|
| Cretaceous Time |
44
|
| Cretaceous Stratigraphic Column |
46
|
| Leaf Impressions in the Dakota Formation |
47
|
| Mosasaur - Tylosaurus Proriger |
48
|
| Giant Marine Turtle - Protostega gigas |
50
|
| An Armored Dinosaur - Niobrarasaurus |
52
|
| End-Cretaceous Mass Extinction |
52
|
| Cenozoic Era |
53
|
| Miocene to Holocene Stratigraphic Column |
53
|
| Miocene and Pliocene Time |
54
|
| Pleistocene Time |
57
|
| Glacial Erratics |
59
|
| Holocene Time |
64
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| GEOLOGIC RESOURCES IN KANSAS |
65
|
| Native-Stone Architecture |
65
|
| Stone Fence Posts |
66
|
| Threshing Stones |
67
|
| Cottonwood Limestone |
69
|
| Fence-Post Limestone |
69
|
| Tri-State Mining District |
71
|
| Fossil Fuels |
75
|
| Helium |
79
|
| Coal and Lignite |
80
|
| Jelinite |
82
|
| Gypsum and Salt |
83
|
| Surface Water and Groundwater |
85
|
| High Plains Aquifer |
85
|
| Wind Energy |
86
|
| ROAD GUIDES TO KANSAS |
88
|
| I-135: Wichita - Salina |
88
|
| Giant Bear - Agriotherium |
90
|
| East Half of Prairie Trail Scenic Byway |
91
|
| US 24: Colorado - Hill City - Manhattan - Kansas City |
93
|
| Colby to Hill City |
95
|
| East of Hill City to Osborne |
98
|
| US 24 to Beloit |
101
|
| East of Beloit to Manhattan |
103
|
| Kimberlite Pipes in Riley and Marshall Counties |
106
|
| East of Manhattan to Lawrence |
109
|
| Along I-70/US 24 to Kaw Point |
114
|
| US 50: Colorado - Dodge City - Hutchinson - Emporia |
114
|
| Frontier Ditch |
117
|
| Soule Canal |
119
|
| Fort Dodge |
122
|
| Horse Thief Reservoir |
123
|
| Hutchinson and the Hutchinson Salt |
125
|
| Burrton Oil Field and Groundwater Pollution |
129
|
| Halstead to Newton, Florence, and Elmdale |
130
|
| KS 150 Side Trip |
134
|
| Elmdale and the Humboldt Fault Zone |
135
|
| Strong City to Emporia |
137
|
| Terraces in the Toledo - Plymouth Vicinity |
140
|
| US 66 (Route 66 Historic Byway): Baxter Springs - Galena |
142
|
| US 69 and KS 5 (Frontier Military Historic Byway): Baxter Springs - Leavenworth |
146
|
| St. Francis de Hieronymo Catholic Church in St. Paul |
150
|
| Fort Scott |
152
|
| Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield |
153
|
| I-435 through Kansas City |
158
|
| KS 5 to Leavenworth |
160
|
| Fort Leavenworth and the Missouri River |
161
|
| US 81: I-70 at Salina - Belleville - Nebraska |
163
|
| Rock City |
166
|
| US 83 and US 40 (Western Vistas Historic Byway): |
|
| Garden City - Oakley - Sharon Springs |
169
|
| Monument Rocks and Little Jerusalem Badlands |
176
|
| First Dinosaur from Kansas |
177
|
| Fort Wallace |
178
|
| Mt. Sunflower |
179
|
| US 160 (Gypsum Hills Scenic Byway): Coldwater - Medicine Lodge |
179
|
| US 281: Oklahoma - Great Bend - Nebraska |
182
|
| Wetlands and Wildlife National Scenic Byway |
185
|
| Cheyenne Bottoms |
187
|
| Great Bend to I-70 |
190
|
| Russell to Nebraska |
192
|
| KS 4: US 83 in Scott County - Topeka |
198
|
| Smoky Valley Scenic Byway on US 283 |
198
|
| Cedar Bluff Dam and Smoky Valley Scenic Byway |
200
|
| La Crosse to Lindsborg |
203
|
| West Half of Prairie Trail Scenic Byway |
206
|
| Lindsborg Area to Eskridge |
209
|
| Coronado Heights |
210
|
| Eskridge to Topeka |
216
|
| KS 7 (Glacial Hills Scenic Byway): Leavenworth - Atchison - White Cloud |
218
|
| West Atchison Glacial Section at White Clay Creek |
222
|
| KS 27: Elkhart - Sharon Springs |
226
|
| Syracuse to Sharon Springs |
231
|
| KS 27 (Land and Sky Scenic Byway): Sharon Springs - St. Francis - Nebraska |
234
|
| KS 99: Oklahoma - Emporia - Eskridge |
237
|
| Hamilton Quarry |
244
|
| Emporia and River Terraces |
247
|
| Americus Limestone |
249
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| North of Emporia to Eskridge |
250
|
| Admire Meteorite |
252
|
| KS 99 (Native Stone Scenic Byway): Eskridge - Wamego - Nebraska |
253
|
| Mount Mitchell Heritage Prairie Historic District |
258
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| Native Stone Scenic Byway from Wabaunsee to Konza Prairie |
259
|
| KS 99 from Wamego to Nebraska |
262
|
| KS 177 (Flint Hills National Scenic Byway): Cassoday - Council Grove |
264
|
| Lake Kahola |
269
|
| Allegawaho Memorial Heritage Park and Dunlap |
272
|
| KS 232 (Post Rock Scenic Byway): Wilson - Lucas |
274
|
| GLOSSARY OF GEOLOGIC TERMS |
279
|
| BIBLIOGRAPHY |
287
|
| INDEX |
295
|
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